Lesson Content
Put on the ornaments of the student and take off their opposites at the same time.
Watch the lesson video first, then study this sheet. It holds everything you need for the lesson quiz and the final exam.
Main points
- Knowledge is reached only by the one adorned with its adab and stripped of its defects (Ḥilya p. 1).
- Every adab has an opposite that breaks it: humility vs pride, contentment vs greed, gentleness vs harshness.
- "Knowledge is at war with the arrogant young man, as the flood is at war with the high ground" (p. 6).
- Three filters for speech: is it true, have I thought where it leads, is it gentle?
- Time is your capital; rest with the right intention is also worship (pp. 31-32).
- Ten things break the ornament; eight of them are sins of the tongue or the heart (pp. 46-47).
Key words
| Arabic | Term | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| حِلْيَة | Ḥilya | Ornament, jewellery |
| خَفْضُ الْجَنَاحِ | Khafḍ al-janāḥ | Lowering the wing: humility |
| قَنَاعَة | Qanāʿa | Contentment |
| مُرُوءَة | Murūʾa | Decency, self-respect |
| رِفْق | Rifq | Gentleness |
| تَأَمُّل | Taʿammul | Reflecting before speaking |
Key concepts
Hidden prideLooking down on the teacher; refusing benefit from someone younger; not acting on what you know (p. 6).
Three kinds of lieFlatterer: false and not believed. Hypocrite: true but not believed. Foolish: false but believed (pp. 29-31).
"I don't know"The shield of the scholar (p. 31).
Key ayat, ahadith and sayings
الْعِلْمُ حَرْبٌ لِلْفَتَى الْمُتَعَالِي كَالسَّيْلِ حَرْبٌ لِلْمَكَانِ الْعَالِي"Knowledge is at war with the arrogant young man, as the flood is at war with the high ground."Poem quoted in Ḥilya p. 6
تَعَلَّمِ الصِّدْقَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَتَعَلَّمَ الْعِلْمَ"Learn truthfulness before you learn knowledge."al-Awzāʿī; Ḥilya p. 29
أَجِمُّوا هَذِهِ الْقُلُوبَ … فَإِنَّهَا تَمَلُّ كَمَا تَمَلُّ الْأَبْدَانُ"Give these hearts rest... for they tire as bodies tire."ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib; Ḥilya p. 32
Knowledge flows like water to the low ground of humility and away from the high ground of pride.
Quiz
Test your understanding of this lesson.
Discussion
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